Sexual assault
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Assessment of victim's consent in crimes against sexual freedom
The Supreme Court (TS) has sided with the courts that convicted a man for committing sexual touching on two women without their consent. The events took place on two different occasions, where the accused, with sexual intent, touched the breasts of one woman and the buttocks of another, fleeing after each episode. Initially, the criminal court convicted him of two counts of sexual abuse, but after the appeal filed by his defense, the Provincial Court acquitted him of one and upheld the conviction for the other.
The convicted individual tried to appeal to the TS arguing that the evidence had not been properly assessed, questioning his identification and the application of the criminal law at the time. However, the TS recalls that in this type of appeals they cannot analyze whether the judges have made mistakes in assessing the evidence or if there are procedural errors, except to reinforce a clear violation of the criminal norm in the sentence.
The TS makes it clear that any non-consensual sexual contact, even if brief or surprising, is already considered a crime. Furthermore, it insists that the victim's consent must be clear, never presumed or based on the aggressor's interpretations. Only then can criminal liability be excluded. With all this, the TS confirms the conviction and reinforces the idea that these types of appeals only serve to verify if what the judge has decided fits correctly within criminal law, and not to reevaluate the evidence or testimonies.
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Misappropriation
Instrumental transmission of social shares to operate bank accounts
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Crimes of misappropriation and fraud
Misappropriation of amounts delivered to complete a housing promotion The case revolves around a real estate promotion in Riogordo (Málaga), consisting of 20 homes, managed by a promoting company. In the first stage, two people were listed as joint administrators (although one of them handled the daily management). Between 2008 and 2009, several homes were sold and buyers delivered amounts on account. Some were even given the keys, despite the fact that the work was not actually finished (it was said to be 90% complete), no deed was granted, and the construction company ended up abandoning due to non-payments. The result was that buyers found themselves living in houses without deeds and without a clear situation in the Registry. Some time later, those administrators sold their shares and a third person entered as the sole administrator. This new administrator was aware of the previous problem, but still asked some buyers for additional money (for example, 8,000 euros) on the argument that it was to complete the promotion. The relevant point is that this money was not used for what was promised nor was it returned. Furthermore, between 2010 and 2011, new sales of homes occurred under similar conditions, and later the entire set of 20 homes was sold to another company, generating a serious conflict between those who had bought earlier and those who appeared later as titleholders. The Provincial Court acquitted the first two administrators (it was not proven that they had diverted the money), but convicted the last one for aggravated misappropriation and fraud. The Supreme Court (TS) confirmed the conviction and rejected the appeal as it did not accept reopening the evaluation of the evidence and considered the denial of new documentation correct because it referred to subsequent facts and was not relevant to what was judged.
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Union law
The CJEU supports the Amnesty Law for normalizing the situation in Catalonia
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